Analysis Energy of Freeze Vacuum Drying System with Thermal Energy Storage and Reverse Valve of 4kg Capacity
Abstract
This research evaluates the energy efficiency of the Aloe vera drying process using a Freeze Vacuum Drying (FVD) system, focusing on the thermal performance and the role of a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) unit with paraffin wax as the storage medium. Experiments were conducted with Aloe vera samples of 2 kg, 3 kg, and 4 kg to assess their effects on energy usage, Coefficient of Performance (COP), and moisture removal efficiency. The highest Specific Moisture Extraction Rate (SMER) was 0.132 kg.water/kWh for the 4 kg sample, with a Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) of 7.223 kWh/kg.water and a COP of 5.4. The energy efficiency peaked at 10.80%, achieved by incorporating TES. The results demonstrate that TES improves COP and reduces the specific energy demand, leading to a more energy-efficient drying process.
##Keywords:##
Freeze vacuum drying, Energy efficiency, Thermal energy storage, SMER, Aloe vera.
Published
Nov 30, 2025
How to Cite
NST, Berriansyah Cipta et al.
Analysis Energy of Freeze Vacuum Drying System with Thermal Energy Storage and Reverse Valve of 4kg Capacity.
Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering-, [S.l.], v. 69, n. 3, p. 178-183, nov. 2025.
ISSN 2527-6085.
Available at: <https://isomase.org/Journals/index.php/jomase/article/view/541>. Date accessed: 10 may 2026.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v69i3.541.
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[2] Widagdo, T., Belyamin, & Kamal, D. (2021). Prototype Pengering Beku Atmosferik Untuk Menghasilkan Kurma Kering Berkualitas. Seminar Nasional Teknik (SEMNASTEK) UISU, 4(1), 12–14.
[3] Martin, A., Prayetno, U., Wahyudi, W., Kurniawan, I., Romy. 2016. Freeze Vacuum Drying with Utilized Waste Heat of Condenser by Quick Drying Method. Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Engineering-, Vol. 30. 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v30i1.414.
[4] Putri, L. Z., & Ratnawulan. (2023). Analysis of Aloe vera Nano Powder ( Aloe vera L .) using X-Ray Diffraction ( XRD ). Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 7–11. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2582/1/012029.
[5] Agustina, D., Dhewaji, R. D., & Martin,A. (2020). Pemanfaatan panas kondenser pada pengering beku vakum. Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur, 13(1), 32–36. https://doi.org/10.24843/jem.2020.v13.i01.p06.
[6] Salunkhe, P. B., & Jaya Krishna, D. (2017). Investigations on latent heat storage materials for solar water and space heating applications. Journal of Energy Storage, 12, 243–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2017.05.008.
[7] Martin, A., Simagunsong, N., Ramadan, S. 2023. Rancang Bangun dan Pengujian Pengering Beku Vakum untuk Pembenihan Padi Menggunakan Evaporator dan Kondenser Ganda. Seminar Nasional Keinsinyuran. 1. 176.
[8] Wahab, H., Martin, A. 2022. Analysis of Energy and Exergoeconomic of Water Cleaning and Injection Facilities in the CPP Block, Indonesia. Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -Science and Engineering. 66(2). 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v66i2.285.
[9] Kovac?, T., Dikmen, E., & ?ahin, A. ?. (2020). Energy and exergy analysis of freeze?drying of mint leaves. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 43(11), e13528.Nagansurkar, S. B., Bais, S. K., & Mujawar, M. B. (2024). a Review: Aloe Vera Is Miracle Plant. International Journal of Pharmacy and Herbal Technology, 2(1), 367–378.
[10] Jabeen, A., Khalid, M. Z., Ali, S., Rehman, U., Afzal, F., Masood, I., & Aziz, A. (2020). Chemical Composition , Antioxidants and Phenolic Contents of Aloe vera?: Using as a Medicinal Purpose against Various Diseases Chemical Composition , Antioxidants and Phenolic Contents of Aloe vera?: Using as a Medicinal Purpose against Various Diseases. International Journal of Bioscience, 17(5), 143–151. https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/17.5.143-151.
[11] Rahardjo, D. C., Fitri, S. P., & Wardhana, E. M. (2023). Analisis Kinerja Termal Sistem Refrigerasi Hybrid Menggunakan Phase Change Material Pada Eco Reefer Container Kapasitas ½ Ton. Jurnal Teknik ITS, 12(3), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373539.v12i3.124112.
[12] Septiani, E. L., Arifianti, Q., & Rahmat, A. (2020). Metode Freeze Pengeringan untuk Pengolahan Produk Kefir di Puri Farm Living, Kabupaten Tuban. Agrokreatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 6(3), 281–288. https://doi.org/10.29244/agrokreatif.6.3.281-288.
[13] Martin, A., Hermanto, J., Agustina, D., Surianto M. A., Putri, S. I., Khotimah, N. 2024. Pengembangan Freeze Vacuum Drying dengan Sistem Kendali Menggunakan Reverse Valve. Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin UM Metro, 13(2), 559-561. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/trb.v11i2.1938.
[14] Setyadi, P., Rio, D. B., Setyawan, C. K., Tohir, A., & Faturohman. (2021). Perhitungan Efisiensi Energi Mesin Pengering Vakum pada Berbagai Temperatur (0,-5)o C dengan Kevakuman 0,03 Atm. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 202, 19–29.
[15] Srinivasan,G.,&Raja,B.(2020).Heatandmasstransferanalysisonmultiportmini channel shelf heat exchanger for freeze-pengeringan application. Sadhana - Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-020-01496-x.
[16] Edi, S., & Novita, D. (2017). Uji kinerja alat pengering tipe rak pada pengeringan chip sukun menggunakan energi listrik. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, 6(2), 125–132.
[17] Takudzwa Muzhanje, A., Hassan, M. A., & Hassan, H. (2022). Phase change material based thermal energy storage applications for air conditioning: Review. Applied Thermal Engineering, 214(May), 118832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118832.
[18] Tunçkal, C., Direk, M., Doymaz, I., G¨oksel, Z., & Atak, A. (2022). Drying kinetics and energy-exergy analysis of an experimental heat pump dryer utilized horseshoe heat recovery heat pipes for drying different grapes. Thermal Science and Engineering Progres, 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2022.101487.
[19] Umar, H. (2020). Penggunaan material berubah fasa sebagai penyimpan energi termal pada bangunan gedung. Jurnal Polimesin., 18(2), 105–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v18i2.1832.
[20] Hasbullah, R., & Nuzul Syah Putra. (2022). Study on the Vacuum Pressure and Drying Time of Freeze-Drying Method to Maintain the Quality of Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana). Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung. Vol.2.https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v11i2.279-291.
[21] Yohana, E., Farizki, B., Sinaga, N., Julianto, M. E., & Hartati, I. (2019). Analisis Pengaruh Temperatur dan Laju Aliran Massa Cooling Water Terhadap EfektivitasKondensordiPT.GeoDipaEnergiUnitDieng.Rotasi,21(3),155. https://doi.org/10.14710/rotasi.21.3.155-159.
[22] Hartulistiyoso, E., Hasbulah, R., & Priyana, D. E. (2011). Pengeringan Tanaman lidah buaya (Aloe Vera) Menggunakan Oven Gelombang Mikro (Microwave Oven) Pengeringan of Aloe Vera Using Microwave Oven. Keteknikan Pertanian, 25(2), 141–146. https://doi.org/10.19028/jtep.025.2.%25p.
