Review: New Engine Simulation Structure Model Applied to SI Engine
Abstract
High ratio emissions that outcome from incomplete combustion cause air contamination, poorer the performance of the spark ignition (SI) engine and raise fuel consumption. Uncompleted combustion emitted a high ratio of CO, HC, NOx and PM harmful emissions such as come into atmosphere. This study has reviewed existing engine simulation structures using different methods as s as follows Neural Networks (NN), Sliding Mode Control (SMC), Proportional–Integral (PI) Predictive Control (MPC) and DRNN-based MPC method. The existing engine models were compared with the new engine simulation structure model which was proposed by the authors, using Hybrid Fuzzy Logic Control (HFLC) method in term of AFR. The simulation engine model in Matlab/Simulink using new engine simulation has founded that AFR (15.02, 14.4) which closes to the stoichiometric value of 14.7 compared by using Neural Networks (NN) method, a Sliding Mode Control (SMC) method, a Proportional–Integral (PI) control method, Model Predictive Control (MPC) method and DRNN-based MPC method.
##Keywords:##
New Engine Simulation Structure, SI Engine; Structure Model; Emission.
Published
Feb 1, 2017
How to Cite
NEKOOEI, Mohammad Javad; KOTO, Jaswar.
Review: New Engine Simulation Structure Model Applied to SI Engine.
Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering-, [S.l.], v. 40, n. 1, p. 1 - 16, feb. 2017.
ISSN 2527-6085.
Available at: <https://isomase.org/Journals/index.php/jomase/article/view/387>. Date accessed: 09 may 2026.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v40i1.387.
References
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34. Ceviz, M, 2007, Intake plenum volume and its influence on the engine performance, cyclic variability and emissions, Energy Conversion and Management, 48, 961-966.
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36. Chang, C.-F., Fekete, N. P. and Powell, J. D, 1993, Engine air-fuel ratio control using an event-based observer. SAE Technical Paper.
37. Chang, C.-F., Fekete, N. P., Amstutz, A. and Powell, J. D, 1995, Air-fuel ratio control in spark-ignition engines using estimation theory. Control Systems Technology, IEEE Transactions on, 3, 22-31.
38. Ahmed, Q. and Bhatti, A. I, 2011, Estimating SI engine efficiencies and parameters in second-order sliding modes. Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, 58, 4837-4846.
39. Müller, M., Hendricks, E. and Sorenson, S. C, 1998, Mean value modelling of turbocharged spark ignition engines. SAE Technical Paper.
40. Manzie, C., Palaniswami, M., & Watson, H. (2001). Gaussian networks for fuel injection control. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 215(10), 1053-1068.
41. Mohammad Javad Nekooei, Jaswar Koto, 2017, Hybrid Fuzzy Logic Controller in Matlab/Simulink for Controlling AFR of SI Engine, International Journal of Environmental Research & Clean Energy, Vol.5 (1), pp.11-20, January, 2017.
42. Mohammad Javad Nekooei, Jaswar, Agoes Priyanto, Zahra Dehghani, 2014, A Study on Combustion Modelling of Marine Engines Concerning the Cylindrical Pressure, Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture, 9(8) June 2014, Pages: 39-44.
2. Pieper, J. and Mehrotra, R, 1999, Air/fuel ratio control using sliding mode methods. American Control Conference, 1999. Proceedings of the 1999, 1999. IEEE, 1027-1031.
3. Benninger, N.F. and Plapp, G. 1991, Requirements and Performance of Engine Management Systems under Transient Conditions. SAE Paper 910083.
4. Bosch, 1994, Automotive Electric/Electronic Systems. Wallendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1994.
5. Wagner, J.R, Dawson, D.M and Zeyu.L, 2003, Nonlinear Air-to-Fuel Ratio and Engine Speed Control for Hybrid Vehicles, IEEE Transactions On Vehicular Technology, Vol. 52, No. 1, January 2003.
6. Cassidy Jr, J. F., Athans, M. and Lee, W. H, 1980, On the design of electronic automotive engine controls using linear quadratic control theory, Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on, 25, 901-912.
7. Hendricks, E. and Sorenson, S. C, 1991, SI engine controls and mean value engine modelling. SAE Technical paper.
8. Mohammad Javad Nekooei, J. Koto, M.Pauzi Ghani and Zahra Dehghani, 2015, A New Engine Simulation Structure Model Applied to SI Engine Controlling, Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering-,Vol.22, pp.9-12.
9. Priyanto, Agoes, and Mohammad Javad Nekooei, JaswarKoto, 2014, Design Online Artificial Gain Updating Sliding Mode Algorithm: Applied to Internal Combustion Engine, Applied Mechanics and Materials. Vol. 493. 2014.
10. Cook, J. and Powell, B. K, 1988, Modeling of an internal combustion engine for control analysis. Control Systems Magazine, IEEE, 8, 20-26.
11. Alippi, C., De Russis, C. and Piuri, V, 1988, A fine control of the air-to-fuel ratio with recurrent neural networks. Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 1998. IMTC/98. Conference Proceedings. IEEE, 1998. IEEE, 924-929.
12. Yoon, P., Park, S., Sunwoo, M., Ohm, I. and Yoon, K. J, 2000, Closed-loop control of spark advance and air-fuel ratio in SI engines using cylinder pressure, SAE Technical Paper.
13. Balluchi, A., Benvenuti, L., Di Benedetto, M., Cardellino, S., Rossi, C. and Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A, 1999, Hybrid control of the air-fuel ratio in force transients for multi-point injection engines. Decision and Control, 1999. Proceedings of the 38th IEEE Conference on, 1999. IEEE, 316-321.
14. Nekooei, Mohammad Javad, Jaswar Koto, and Agoes Priyanto, 2013. Designing Fuzzy Backstepping Adaptive Based Fuzzy Estimator Variable Structure Control: Applied to Internal Combustion Engine, Applied Mechanics and Materials. Vol. 376. 2013.
15. Alippi, C., De Russis, C. and Piuri, V, 2003, A Neural-Network Based Control Solution to Air-Fuel Ratio Control for Automotive, IEEE Transactions On Systems, Man, And Cybernetics—Part C: Applications And Reviews, Vol. 33, No. 2, May 2003.
16. Wang, S.W, Gomm, J.B, Page, J.F and Douglas, S.S, 2006, Adaptive RBF network for parameter estimation and stable air–fuel ratio control, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 19 (2006) 189–200.
17. Wang, S and Yu, D, 2008, Adaptive RBF network for parameter estimation and stable air–fuel ratio control, Neural Networks, 21, 102-112.
18. Suh, H., Park, S. and Lee, C, 2009, Effect of grouped-hole nozzle geometry on the improvement of biodiesel fuel atomization characteristics in a compression ignition engine, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 223, 1587-1600.
19. Zhai, Y.J and Yu, D.L 2009, Neural network model-based automotive engine air/fuel ratio control and robustness evaluation, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 22 (2009) 171–180.
20. Zhai, Y.J, Yu D.W, Guo, H.Y and Yu, D.L 2010, Robust air/fuel ratio control with adaptive DRNN model and AD tuning, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 23 (2010) 283–289.
21. Zhai1, Y.J, Yu, D.L, Reza Tafreshi1, Yasser Al-Hamidi, 2011, Fast predictive control for air-fuel ratio of SI engines using a non linear internal model, International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology Vol. 3, No. 6, 2011, pp. 1-17.
22. Nekooei, Mohammad Javad, Jaswar Koto, and A. Priyanto, 2014, Review on Combustion Control of Marine Engine by Fuzzy Logic Control Concerning the Air to Fuel Ratio, Jurnal Teknologi 66.2.
23. Nekooei, Mohammad Javad, Jaswar Koto, and A. Priyanto, 2015, A Simple Fuzzy Logic Diagnosis System for Control of Internal Combustion Engines, Jurnal Teknologi 74.5 (2015).
24. Nekooei, Mohammad Javad, Jaswar Koto, A.Priyanto, Zahra Dehghani, 2015, Reviewed on Combustion Modelling of Marine Spark-Ignition Engines, Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -Science and Engineering-,Vol.17 1 (2015): 1-4.
25. Scattolini, R., Siviero, C., Mazzucco, M., Ricci, S., Poggio, L. and Rossi, C, 1997, Modelling and identification of an electromechanical internal combustion engine throttle body, Control Engineering Practice, 5, 1253-1259. 26. Baotic, M., Vasak, M., Morari, M and Peric,. N, 2003, Hybrid system theory based optimal control of an electronic throttle, American Control Conference, 2003. Proceedings of the 2003.
27. Heywood, J. B, 1988, Internal combustion engine fundamentals, Mcgraw-hill New York.
28. Ebrahimi, B., Tafreshi, R., Masudi, H., Franchek, M., Mohammadpour, J. and Grigoriadis, K, 2012, A parameter-varying filtered PID strategy for air–fuel ratio control of spark ignition engines, Control Engineering Practice, 20, 805-815.
29. Andersson, P, 2005, Air charge estimation in turbocharged spark ignition engines, Department of Electrical engineering, Linköping University.
30. Gnanam, G., Sobiesiak, A., Reader, G., & Zhang, C, 2006, An HCCI engine-fuelled with iso-octane and ethanol (No. 2006-01-3246). SAE Technical Paper.
31. Salazar,. F, 1998, Internal Combustion Engines, Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Notre Dame.
32. Hendricks, E., Chevalier, A., Jensen, A., Sorenson, S.C., 1996. Modelling of the intake manifold filling dynamics. SAE paper 960037.
33. Hashimoto, S., Okuda, H., Okada, Y., Adachi, S., Niwa, S. and Kajitani, M, 2006, An engine control systems design for low emission vehicles by generalized predictive control based on identified model, Computer Aided Control System Design, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control, 2006 IEEE, 2006. IEEE, 2411-2416.
34. Ceviz, M, 2007, Intake plenum volume and its influence on the engine performance, cyclic variability and emissions, Energy Conversion and Management, 48, 961-966.
35. Ceviz, M. and Ak?n, M, 2010, Design of a new SI engine intake manifold with variable length plenum, Energy Conversion and Management, 51, 2239-2244.
36. Chang, C.-F., Fekete, N. P. and Powell, J. D, 1993, Engine air-fuel ratio control using an event-based observer. SAE Technical Paper.
37. Chang, C.-F., Fekete, N. P., Amstutz, A. and Powell, J. D, 1995, Air-fuel ratio control in spark-ignition engines using estimation theory. Control Systems Technology, IEEE Transactions on, 3, 22-31.
38. Ahmed, Q. and Bhatti, A. I, 2011, Estimating SI engine efficiencies and parameters in second-order sliding modes. Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, 58, 4837-4846.
39. Müller, M., Hendricks, E. and Sorenson, S. C, 1998, Mean value modelling of turbocharged spark ignition engines. SAE Technical Paper.
40. Manzie, C., Palaniswami, M., & Watson, H. (2001). Gaussian networks for fuel injection control. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 215(10), 1053-1068.
41. Mohammad Javad Nekooei, Jaswar Koto, 2017, Hybrid Fuzzy Logic Controller in Matlab/Simulink for Controlling AFR of SI Engine, International Journal of Environmental Research & Clean Energy, Vol.5 (1), pp.11-20, January, 2017.
42. Mohammad Javad Nekooei, Jaswar, Agoes Priyanto, Zahra Dehghani, 2014, A Study on Combustion Modelling of Marine Engines Concerning the Cylindrical Pressure, Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture, 9(8) June 2014, Pages: 39-44.
