Analysis of Workbench Flatness Measurement and Product Result of 3 Axis CNC Router Machine
Abstract
The development of technology in the industrial sector is increasing rapidly, especially the application of computers in the field of machinery. Demands from consumers who want good quality workpieces, precision, completed in a short time and in large quantities, will be easier to work with a CNC Router machine. Surface flatness is an absolute thing that must be considered in the machining process, especially the 3 Axis CNC Router machine. This type of research is an experimental research, using Dutch teak wood as a workpiece with a height of 15 mm, a length of 100 mm and a width of 80 mm, the machining process uses a 3 Axis CNC Router Machine. The flatness of the workbench is first measured, then the product is prepared with a depth of 2 mm in the product area. The research uses a variation of the spindle speed of 600 rpm, 800 rpm and 1000 rpm. After that, measurements are taken to obtain the flatness value. Measuring flatness using a Dial indicator measuring instrument with accuracy (1 µm). The best product flatness test or the lowest value is (32.00 µm) obtained from the spindle speed of 1000 rpm and the most uneven product evenness is (56.00 µm) obtained from the spindle speed of 600 rpm, knowing the effect of the flatness value of the workbench on the product flatness value 3 Axis CNC Router Machine, that the flatter the workbench, the flatter the product results. The results of the research can be used to refine machining strategies to achieve optimal machining.
##Keywords:##
Flatness value, Spindle speed, 3 axis CNC router machine
Published
Nov 30, 2023
How to Cite
JUNAIDI, Abdul Khair; MENDOFA, Dyon Shaputra; ARIEF, Dodi Sofyan.
Analysis of Workbench Flatness Measurement and Product Result of 3 Axis CNC Router Machine.
Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering-, [S.l.], v. 67, n. 3, p. 101-108, nov. 2023.
ISSN 2527-6085.
Available at: <https://isomase.org/Journals/index.php/jomase/article/view/349>. Date accessed: 22 may 2026.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v67i3.349.
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[3] Mehrabi, M.G., Ulsoy, A.G. & Koren, Y. (2000). Reconfigurable manufacturing systems: Key to future manufacturing. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 11, 403-419.
[4] Camposeco-Negrete, C. (2015). Optimization of cutting parameters using response surface method for minimizing energy consumption and maximizing cutting quality in turning of AISI 6061 T6 aluminum. Journal of cleaner production, 91, 109-117.
[5] Flynn, J.M., Shokrani, A., Newman, S.T. & Dhokia, V. (2016). Hybrid additive and subtractive machine tools–Research and industrial developments. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 101, 79-101.
[6] Luo, B., Wang, H., Liu, H., Li, B. & Peng, F. (2018). Early fault detection of machine tools based on deep learning and dynamic identification. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(1), 509-518.
[7] Liu, C., Vengayil, H., Zhong, R.Y. & Xu, X. (2018). A systematic development method for cyber-physical machine tools. Journal of manufacturing systems, 48, 13-24.
[8] Prabowo, G. 2016. Analysis of the Influence of the X Axis Calibration Process on a 3 Axis CNC Router Machine. Muhammadiyah University, Surakarta, Indonesia.
[9] Baharruddin, B.A. 2019. Effect of Spindle Speed on Visual Roughness and Surface Flatness Value of CNC 5 Axis Machine Based on Microcontroller Mach 3 Breakout Board and Microstep Motor Driver Controller Tb6600. Pancasakti University Tegal, Tegal, Indonesia.
[10] Zahwi, S. Z., Amer, M.A., Abdou, M.A. & Elmelegy, A. M. (2013). On the calibration of surface plates. Measurement, 46(2), 1019-1028.
[11] Meijer, J. & De-Bruin, W. (1981). Determination of flatness from straightness measurements and characterization of the surface by four parameters. Precision engineering, 3(1), 17-22.
[12] Elmelegy, A. (2023). Methods of Union Jack and XY-Grid in Surface Plate Measurements. Journal of Measurement Science and Applications (JMSA), 3(2), 2-14. doi: 10.21608/jmsa.2023.318494.
[13] Rochim, T. (2006). Specifications, Metrology & Quality Control of Geometric 2. Bandung: ITB.
[14] Mikó, B. (2021). Assessment of flatness error by regression analysis. Measurement, 171, 108720.
[15] Agarwal, A. & Desai, K.A. (2021). Modeling of flatness errors in end milling of thin-walled components. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 235(3), 543-554.
[16] Guo, H., Zhang, Z., Xiao, M., Liu, H. & Zhang, Q. (2021). Tolerance optimization method based on flatness error distribution. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 113, 279-293.
[17] Kimberlin, C.L. & Winterstein, A.G. (2008). Validity and reliability of measurement instruments used in research. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 65(23), 2276-2284.
[18] Webster, J.G., & Eren, H. (2018). Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook: Two-Volume Set. CRC press.
[19] Mohajan, H.K. (2017). Two criteria for good measurements in research: Validity and reliability. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 17(4), 59-82.
[20] Arief, D., Jadmiko, E., Prayitno, A., Badri, M. & Dalil, M. (2019). Making roundness measurement applications and control systems on the Roundness Tester Machine. Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -Science and Engineering-, 63(3), 17-21.
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[22] Badri, M. & Junianto, F. (2018). Vibration measurement method using 3 accelerometer cmcp770a on beam cylinder with fix-fix support and double selenoid. Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -Science and Engineering-, 56(1), 5-10.
[23] Ali, N., Feranita, F., Pratama, Y., Marpaung, N., Rosma, I. & Suwitno, S. (2023). Photovoltaic solar energy as a power source for coal waste measurement equipment. Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -Science and Engineering-, 67(2), 58-62.
[24] Rizal, N. (2020). Measurement of depth of seabed and sea flow rate under Suryamadu bridge Madura side for determination of mooring turbine construction sea power plants. Journal Of Ocean, Mechanical And Aerospace -Science And Engineering-, 43(1), 7-13.
[25] Rochim, T. (2001). Specifications, Metrology & Quality Control of Geometric 1. Bandung: ITB.
[26] Villarrubia, J.S., Vladar, A.E. & Postek, M.T. (2003). Simulation study of repeatability and bias in the CD-SEM. In Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for Microlithography XVII (Vol. 5038, pp. 138-149). SPIE.
[27] Courel-Ibáñez, J., MartÃnez-Cava, A., Morán-Navarro, R., Escribano-Peñas, P., Chavarren-Cabrero, J., González-Badillo, J.J. & Pallarés, J.G. (2019). Reproducibility and repeatability of five different technologies for bar velocity measurement in resistance training. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 47, 1523-1538.
