Empirical Approach to Predict Ship Resistance in Level Ice

Abstract

Prediction  of  resistance  of  ship  level  ice  is  very  important  in initial stage of ship design due to related to propulsion and engine power of a ship. As model scale test is very expensive therefore an accurate tool is required to predict the resistance of a ship in ice.  A  semi  empirical  method  to  predict  ship  resistance  in  level ice  based  Koto  method  was  presented.  The  ship  resistance consisted  of  ice  breaking  force  due  to  flexural  strength  of  ice, submersion force due to buoyancy, friction force contact between ice  and  hull  and  loss  momentum  force  due  to  collision.  The simulation  results  were  verified  with  experimental  data  of  three icebreakers: MT Uikku, Hellay and Araon. The method was also compared  with  other  empirical  methods:  Lindqvist,  Riska, Keinonen and Jeong. It was founded that the average errors using the  proposed  method  was 3 % for MT Uikku, 0.3  % for Hellay and 0.4 % for Araon.