Wave and wind climate information can serve as basis for design, research and policy making regarding ship safety and operability, potential renewable energy exploitation, design of offshore installation etc. The objective of this paper is to determine mean annual significant wave heights and wind speeds in the Malacca Strait. Mean annual wave height and wind speed values have been statically analyzed based on ERA-Interim reanalysis data produced by ECMWF (European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) during 34 years period. This data has been processed resulting in monthly and annual observed significant wave heights and corresponding wind speed values. The obtained results show that wave speed and the significant waves height have an increasing trend at the location studied but both trends are statistically insignificant.
Department of Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Marine Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya, Indonesia
) Coastal Environmental Laboratory, Department of Ocean Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
Subsea pipeline is a transport medium of oil and gas from offshore to onshore, and offshore to another platform. Subsea pipeline is subjected to extreme internal and external pressures. The differences of internal and external pressures caused by water depth are a critical issue in selection of wall thickness of subsea pipeline to be safe during installation and operation. Current standard practice codes to select the accepted wall thickness are based on tabulation of design factors. In this paper, a Subsea Pro Simulation is applied on selection of the accepted wall thickness of subsea pipeline based on safety zone. In the software, the safety zone is determined based on internal and external loads acting on subsea pipeline. The Subsea Pro Simulation is applied for different water depths such as shallow water (0 m to 400 m), deep water (400 m to 1500 m) and ultra-deep water (more than 1500 m) using data on the Medgaz subsea pipeline project. Results of simulation agree with current operating wall thicknessy.
Department of Aeronautics, Automotive and Ocean Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
