Cable-stayed bridge is a type of bridge structure that commonly used for long-span range. This study provides an important opportunity to advance the understanding nonlinearities of material and geometry which is used for pylon of cable-stayed bridge structure. This study limited to response of pylon structure subjected to tension load which already calculated previously using structural analysis program. The methodology of structural analysis in order to determine working stress in the pylon structure under cable tension load is based on non-linear finite element method by incorporating an elastic-plastic material model and involve large deformation logarithm. In this study, laboratory experiment was held using test method ASTM A370. In finite element of plasticity analysis Ramberg-Osgood model was used to generate stress-strain curve of material. Based on finite element analysis that we have done, both of pylon structure will be fail or experience permanent plastic deformation if it subjected to loading conditions as mentioned in this research. The most critical regions in the structure are at Section A2 for left side pylon and at Section A11 for right side pylon. In critical regions, maximum Von-Misses stress reach 427.96 MPa for left side pylon and 430.56 MPa for right side pylon. Those stress value are beyond yield strength of material which is used for the structure. Design optimization can be done for the structure with some considerations, e.g. modification of design in the critical region, improve material properties or just change thickness of material in the critical regions.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Center for Electricity and Mechatronics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia
AIS (Automatic Identification System) is an automatic tracking system used by ships and vessel traffic service (VTS) for identifying ship information by electronically exchanging data with other vessels, coastal station, and satelite. AIS can be used to monitor vessels traffic on a strait channel by detecting a large number of vessels and collecting the ships information related to ship static, dynamic and voyage information such as MMSI number, navigation status, rate of turn (ROT), ship speed, ship position, course over ground (COG), ship heading (HDG), time stamp, RAIM flag and radio status at once. On this paper we try to develop an AIS system for vessel traffic monitoring purpose in the Strait of Malacca especially in the Strait of Singapore and Batam Waterways as one of the world’s most congested straits used for international shipping. The method of AIS system development is divided onto 2 stage. Firstly, AIS raw data sent by ships are recorded and decoded as ships information into an application at once. Secondly, the output of AIS decode is used into web based interactive visualization application to visualize the vessels traffic. The development of AIS system has been tested by running the AIS record, decode and web visualisation and shown that the system could be applied to vessel traffic monitoring.
Ship Design and Construction Technology Study Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam, Indonesia
Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam, Indonesia
Department of Informatics Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam, Batam, Indonesia
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Utilization of an alloy titanium (particularly Ti6Al4V), as fracture fixation in biomedical application has restriction because of will associate with osseointegration failure. An effort to titanium coating by hydroxyapatite monolayer still has poor mechanical properties and may lead to implantation failure. Hydroxyapatite bilayers coating aims to protect releasing hazardous ions from implant to the body and improving the osseointegration at the same time. In this research, nanoparticle hydroxyapatite (first layers) and microparticle hydroxyapatite (second layers) were used as coating materials on implant prototype of Ti6Al4V ELI screws. The coating was carried out by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method used different voltage (2 and 3 volt) for deposition time of 2 and 3 minutes for forming first layers. The process was then continuing for making second layer at 5 and 10 volt for 2 and 5 minutes. In order to intensify of coatings, hydroxyapatite bilayers-coated titanium was air-dried overnight and then sintered at 700oC for 1 hour. The coating layers were characterized by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and thickness gauge series tester. Result of the study show that nanoparticle hydroxyapatite layers are more uniform, thin, dense than microparticle hydroxyapatite layer. Moreover, the second layer shows less adhesion. The obtained voltage and deposition time for best bilayers coating characteristic are 2 volt/3 minutes for nanoparticles hydroxyapatite and 5volt/5minutes for microparticles hydroxyapatite. By approximately 71%-100% surface coverage and 56 µm thickness of bilayers coating, that parameters can be considered to improve osseointegration.
Biomedical Science, Medicine Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Biology Department, Mathematic and Science Faculty, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Utilization of an alloy titanium (particularly Ti6Al4V), as fracture fixation in biomedical application has restriction because of will associate with osseointegration failure. An effort to titanium coating by hydroxyapatite monolayer still has poor mechanical properties and may lead to implantation failure. Hydroxyapatite bilayers coating aims to protect releasing hazardous ions from implant to the body and improving the osseointegration at the same time. In this research, nanoparticle hydroxyapatite (first layers) and microparticle hydroxyapatite (second layers) were used as coating materials on implant prototype of Ti6Al4V ELI screws. The coating was carried out by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method used different voltage (2 and 3 volt) for deposition time of 2 and 3 minutes for forming first layers. The process was then continuing for making second layer at 5 and 10 volt for 2 and 5 minutes. In order to intensify of coatings, hydroxyapatite bilayers-coated titanium was air-dried overnight and then sintered at 700oC for 1 hour. The coating layers were characterized by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and thickness gauge series tester. Result of the study show that nanoparticle hydroxyapatite layers are more uniform, thin, dense than microparticle hydroxyapatite layer. Moreover, the second layer shows less adhesion. The obtained voltage and deposition time for best bilayers coating characteristic are 2 volt/3 minutes for nanoparticles hydroxyapatite and 5volt/5minutes for microparticles hydroxyapatite. By approximately 71%-100% surface coverage and 56 µm thickness of bilayers coating, that parameters can be considered to improve osseointegration.
Ocean and Aerospace Engineering Research, Indonesia
Offshore Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81200 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
